Precision Cancer Medicine

This book describes the changing role of pathology in aiding reproducible and accurate patient selection for predictive cancer therapy. Particular attention is given to the clinical application of cutting-edge cancer biomarkers to accurately select patients for targeted cancer therapy and how artificial intelligence can improve the precision of treatments. The advent and basis of predictive cancer care, the role of pathologists in translational cancer research, the analysis of cancer samples, the management of biopsy results, and the accuracy of biopsy results are also discussed. Precision Cancer Medicine: Role of the Pathologist details how pathologists can use the latest biomarkers and apply artificial intelligence technology in cancer diagnosis and management. The book also explores emerging approaches to molecular profiling, biomarker validation, digital pathology, and data-driven cancer diagnostics, highlighting their potential to support more personalised and effective treatment strategies. This book is relevant to oncologists and medical practitioners involved in cancer management seeking an up-to-date resource on the topic. Inhaltsverzeichnis Introduction: From 'tissue diagnosis' to biomarkers.- The advent of biomarker testing.- The challenges for Pathology - multiple rapidly evolving methods.- Evolution of the Total Test approach to tissue-based pathological analysis.- Pre-Analytical Phase: test selection; specimen acquisition and handling.- Pre-analytical phase: Specimen Type and Acquisition.- Pre-analytical Phase: Biopsy/tissue handling and processing.- Analytical Phase: protocol and reagents.- Analytical Phase - principles for immunohistochemistry (IHC).- Analytical Phase: Current controls; fit-for-purpose selection and validation.- Analytic Phase: Alternative and new control systems.- Post-Analytic phase: Interpretation, Scoring and Reporting of Biopsy Results.- Description and interpretation of results: The Pathology Report.- Immunofluorescence, in situ hybridisation and alternative forms of 'labelled' microscopy.- Implementation of Precision Cancer Diagnostic Test.- Precision Cancer Diagnosis.- Role of Pathologist in Precision Molecular & Digital Image Analyses.- Introduction to Digital and Computational Pathology.- AI in the pre-analytical phase.- AI in the Analytical Phase.- AI in the post-analytical phase.- AI in the Decision Phase.- Workflow Automation and process standardisation.-The importance of genomic medicine in cancer.- The role of Cellular Pathology.- Testing methodologies - benefits and limitations.- Analysing and interpreting the cancer genome.- The role of the Multidisciplinary team.- Safe clinical reporting.- Quality assurance and accreditation.- What the future beholds. Autorenportrait Bharat Jasani, BSc, PhD, MBChB, FRCPath. Dr Jasani initiated his clinical and research training in histopathology at the Wales National School of Medicine in 1977, achieving specialist consultant status in histopathology (immunohistochemistry) (1993) and a personal chair in oncological pathology (2003). Following his retirement as the head of histopathology and academic pathology (2003-2011), he continued as a professor of pathology at the Institute of Cancer & Genetics, Cardiff University & Associate Postgraduate Dean for Academic Medicine in Wales (2011-2015). He was then appointed chair of biomedical sciences at Nazarbayev University School of Medicine. Astana, Kazakhstan, with an adjunct professorship in pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA (2015-2016). In 2016, he took up the position as the Director of Pathology, Targos Molecular Pathology GmbH, Kassel, Germany, which was acquired by Discovery Life Sciences in 2021until his retirement in 2022. Since then he has been appointed as an external assessor and the Chair of Scientific Advisory Board of UKNEQAS IHC/ISH and engaged as an advisory consultant by eminent biotech companies for training of pathologists worldwide in predictive cancer biomarking. He has authored more than 250 immunohistochemical publications including three books, and held three patents. Ralf Huss, MD PhD. Dr Huss is currently CEO of BioM Biotech Cluster Development GmbH in Munich, Germany and professor and deputy director at the Institute of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics and at the Institute for Digital Medicine, University Hospital Augsburg, Germany. Professor Huss has published more than 150 scientific papers and 4 books in the fields of cell therapy, tissue phenomics and artificial intelligence in pathology. Dr Huss holds several patents and has served as a Board member and /or consultant to many private and public corporations. Clive Roy Taylor, MD DPhil MRCP(Ir) FRCPath. In 1984, he was appointed as the chair of the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the University of Southern California (USC). From 1998 to 2009, Professor Taylor became Senior Associate Dean for Educational Affairs at the Keck School of Medicine, USC. Professor Taylor is a fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists (U.K.), a Diplomate of the American Board of Pathology, and a Member of the Royal College of Physicians (Ireland). He was president of the U.S. Association of Pathology Chairs from 1996-1999, president of the U.S. Biological Stain Commission from 1994-1998, and is a member of the Royal Society of Medicine (UK). Professor Taylor Chaired an FDA Advisory Panel for Diagnostic Devices and Radiology until 2007. Professor Taylor has published more than 450 scientific papers and 12 books in the fields of immunohistochemistry, cancer, lymphoma research, digital pathology and education. Dr Taylor holds several patents, is Editor-in-Chief of Applied Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology, and has served as a board member and/or consultant to many private and public corporations. Zandra Deans, BSC(Hons) PhD, chair of the Genomics Working Group for Cancer Vaccine Launch Pad, UK. Has developed quality-controlled, accurate clinical genomic medicine globally by working with governments and laboratories in India, Japan, Kuwait, Taiwan, Poland and South Africa. Founding member of the International Quality Network for Pathology (IQNPath) and global lead for circulating tumour testing quality assurance. Past Board member of UK National External Quality Assessment Service (NEQAS), EuroGenTest and Chair of the European Journal of Human Genetics (ESHG) quality committee. Author of multiple best practice guidelines and peer-reviewed publications in the field of germline and somatic genomic medicine. Consultancy roles for multiple pharmaceutical companies and recipient of successful grant funding for a range of quality-